近日,园艺林学学院、
果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点
实验室黄友谊教授团队在Food Chemistry发表了题为“Dynamic changes in the aroma profiles and volatiles of Enshi Yulu tea throughout its industrial processing”的学术论文,揭示了湖北代表性名优
绿茶恩施玉露的香气品质在工业化生产中的形成机制。
我国绿茶按照加工工艺主要分为炒青绿茶、烘青绿茶、晒青绿茶和蒸青绿茶。其中,湖北代表性名茶恩施玉露是我国最著名的蒸青绿茶,具有不同于其他绿茶的香气品质。加工是影响绿茶香气品质最关键的因素之一,然而恩施玉露香气品质及关键挥发物在加工过程中的形成机制仍未知。
研究人员通过感官评价结合顶空固相微萃取与气相色谱质谱联用仪,探究工业化生产中恩施玉露香气特征与挥发性物质的动态变化。研究结果表明,恩施玉露成品茶香气特征可细分为清香、栗香、甜香等8个属性。在加工过程中,其香气由青草气转变为栗香、甜香和烘烤香。在恩施玉露加工全过程中鉴定到128种挥发性物质,其中醇类的占比最大,香叶醇和芳樟醇的含量最高。基于相对气味活性值初步构建了恩施玉露分子香气轮,其中芳樟醇、β-紫罗兰酮和壬醛是对恩施玉露香气品质贡献最大的挥发性物质。此外,通路分析表明,不饱和脂肪酸的非酶促降解可能有助于恩施玉露特征香气的形成,蒸汽杀青和足火是恩施玉露香气特征形成的关键步骤。这些结果对理解恩施玉露及其他蒸青绿茶的香气品质形成具有重要意义。
2024届硕士研究生江广贤为论文第一作者,黄友谊教授为论文通讯作者。
【英文摘要】
Although Enshi Yulu tea (ESYL) possesses a distinctive fragrance, there is a scarcity of studies focusing on its primary volatiles or aroma genesis. This study aims to elucidate the dynamics in the profiles of aromas and volatiles through aroma profiling analysis and headspace solid–phase microextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A total of 10 aroma attributes and 128 volatiles were identified in ESYL, with geraniol and linalool exhibiting the highest levels, and alcohols co
nstituting the predominant proportion. Besides, a relative odor activity value (ROAV) ba
sed molecular aroma wheel was constructed, revealing 12 key odorants with ROAVs >1, wher
ein linalool, β-ionone, and no
nanal ranked highest. Notably, steaming and final drying emerged as critical steps for ESYL aroma development, while the non-enzymatic degradation of fatty acids likely co
ntributed to the formation of its fresh aroma. These findings significantly enhance our comprehension of ESYL aroma formation.